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IDA Pro is a disassembler.

As a disassembler, IDA Pro explores binary programs, for which source code isn't always available,to create maps of their execution. The real interest of a disassembler is that it shows the instructions that areactually executed by the processor in a symbolic representation called assembly language. If the friendly screen saver you have just installed is spying on your e-banking session or logging your e-mails, adisassembler can reveal it. However, assembly language is hard to make sense of. That's why advanced techniques have been implemented into IDA Pro to make that code more readable, in some cases, quite close to the original source code that produced the binary program. The map of the program's code then be post processedfor further investigations. Some people have used it as the root of a genomic classification of viruses.

IDA Pro is a debugger.

But, in real life, things aren't always simple. Hostile code usually does not cooperate with the analyst. Viruses, worms and trojans are often armoured and obfuscated. More powerful tools are required.The debugger in IDA Pro complements the static analysis capabilities of the disassembler: by allowing tosingle step through the code being investigated, the debugger often bypasses the obfuscation and helps obtain data that the more powerful static disassembler will be able to process in depth. IDA Pro can be used as alocal and as a remote debugger on the 80x86 (typically Windows/Linux) and the ARM plaform (typically Windows CE PDAs). Remote debuggers are very useful when one wants to safely dissect potentially harmful programs.

IDA Pro is interactive.

Because no computer can currently beat the human brain when it comes to exploring the unknown,IDA Pro is fully interactive. In sharp contrast with its predecessors, IDA always allows the human analyst to override its decisions or to provide hints. Interactivity culminates in a built-in programming language and an open plugin architecture.

IDA Pro is programmable

IDA Pro contains a complete development environment that consists of a very powerful macro-like language that can be used to automate simple to medium complexity tasks. For more advanced tasks, our open plugin architecture puts no limits on what external developers can do to enhance IDA Pro's functionality. One could, for example, extend IDA Pro with a MP3 player and make malware sing. However, we suspect our governmental customers are involved in more serious projects.

How is IDA Pro useful?

Hostile Code analysis

Given the speed and the complexity of today's hostile code, a powerful analysis solution is required. IDA Pro has become such a standard in the field of malware analysis that information about new viruses is often exchanged under the form of “IDA Databases”. The 2001 “CODE RED” incident is typical of what usually happens in the background. When eEye isolated a new worm whose payload targeted the White House's web site, IDA Pro was used to analyse and understand it: it helped the talented eEye analysts deliver a prompt and accurate warning of the impending attack. 24 hours a day, seven days a week, somewhere in the world, thanks to IDA Pro, anti-virus analysts investigate new virus samples and provide timely solutions.

Vulnerability research

IDA Pro is the ideal tool to investigate why software breaks. While the topic of vulnerability disclosure remains, more than ever, controversial, one cannot ignore he fact that software is unfortunately often vulnerable to outside attacks. It is, without any doubt, a bad idea to let vulnerabilities lurk in essential pieces of software: if they aren't fixed, they could very well be exploited by what we usually call “the bad guys”. The Wisconsin Safety Analyzer is a very interesting project investigating software vulnerability and tamper resistance where IDA Pro plays an important role.

COTS validation

A lot of software is now developed outside the country where it is used. Since programs are incredibly hard to verify, since complete source code audit and rebuilds aren't always practical tools such as IDA provide a convenient means to check if a program really does what it claims to do.

Privacy protection.

Software is invading our lives at every level. In some cases, such as in what is known as the “Sony Rootkit” story, IDA Pro helps protect your essential rights.